Hereditary Sensory Neuropathy Type IA (HSN IA), also known as Morbus Hereditary Sensory and Autonomic Neuropathy Type IA (HSAN IA), is a rare genetic condition characterized by the progressive degeneration of sensory nerve fibers.

HSN IA is caused by mutations in the SPTLC1 gene, which provides instructions for making a subunit of one of the enzymes involved in the synthesis of certain lipids called sphingolipids. These mutations lead to the production of abnormal subunits of the enzyme, resulting in the buildup of toxic deoxysphingoid substances in the body.

This condition is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner, which means that a person only needs one copy of the mutated gene to develop the disorder. However, HSN IA can also occur sporadically, without a family history of the condition.

HSN IA is typically characterized by sensory loss in the distal extremities, such as the hands and feet, which can lead to difficulty with coordination and balance. It may also be associated with other symptoms, such as muscle weakness, muscle wasting, and autonomic dysfunction.

Currently, there is no cure for HSN IA, and treatment focuses on managing the symptoms and improving quality of life. This may include the use of pain medications, physical therapy, and assistive devices to help with mobility.

For more information about Hereditary Sensory Neuropathy Type IA, including studies, patient resources, and clinical trials, please visit the websites of organizations such as the Hereditary Neuropathy Foundation, OMIM, and PubMed.

Given the high cost of medical care, it’s hardly a shock that patients are drowning in medical debt. Almost 20% of American households have delinquent medical bills that affect their credit report, according to NBC News. Having medical bills in collections makes it more difficult for patients to engage in other economic activities, such as purchasing a home or securing a loan to start a business.

Frequency

Hereditary sensory neuropathy type IA is a rare genetic disorder with a frequency of – in the general population. It is caused by mutations in the serine palmitoyltransferase long chain base subunit 1 (SPTLC1) gene.

According to research studies and catalog information, this condition affects the sensory nerves in the body. Patients with hereditary sensory neuropathy type IA often experience sensory loss, particularly in the hands and feet.

Advocacy and support organizations, such as the Hereditary Neuropathy Foundation, provide resources and information for patients and their families. They offer support and educational materials on causes, clinical trials, and additional research studies related to hereditary sensory neuropathy type IA.

More information about hereditary sensory neuropathy type IA can be found on websites such as OMIM (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man) and PubMed, where articles and scientific studies on this condition are available.

Genetic testing can help confirm a diagnosis of hereditary sensory neuropathy type IA. This test analyzes the SPTLC1 gene for mutations that are associated with the condition.

The frequency of hereditary sensory neuropathy type IA varies among different populations and ethnic groups. For more specific information, it is advised to consult with a healthcare provider or genetic counselor.

Causes

• Hereditary sensory neuropathy type IA (HSN-IA), also known as hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type IA (HSAN1A), is a rare genetic condition.
• It is caused by mutations in the serine palmitoyltransferase long chain base subunit 1 (SPTLC1) gene.
• SPTLC1 is responsible for producing an enzyme that plays a key role in the production of sphingolipids, which are essential components of cell membranes.
• The mutations in the SPTLC1 gene lead to the production of abnormal sphingolipids, specifically deoxysphingoid bases, which are toxic to nerve cells.
• This toxic buildup of deoxysphingoid bases in the nerve cells is believed to be responsible for the sensory nerve damage seen in HSN-IA.
• HSN-IA is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, which means that a person only needs to inherit one copy of the mutated SPTLC1 gene to develop the condition.

Additional information and resources on the causes of Hereditary sensory neuropathy type IA can be found on the following websites:

• GeneTests.org – a medical genetics information resource providing information about the genes associated with various genetic diseases.
• OMIM – Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, a comprehensive catalog of human genes and genetic disorders.
• ClinicalTrials.gov – a registry of ongoing and completed clinical trials relating to HSN-IA and other conditions.

It is important to note that HSN-IA is a rare condition, and there may be limited information and resources available. However, by learning more about the causes and inheritance of HSN-IA, individuals affected by the condition, their families, and healthcare providers can better understand the condition and provide appropriate support and testing.

Learn more about the gene associated with Hereditary sensory neuropathy type IA

Hereditary sensory neuropathy type IA (HSN IA) is a rare genetic condition associated with mutations in the serine palmitoyltransferase long chain base subunit 1 (SPTLC1) gene. This gene provides instructions for making an enzyme called serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT). SPT is involved in the production of sphingolipids, which are essential components of cell membranes and play a role in cell signaling.

Hereditary sensory neuropathy type IA is characterized by sensory loss in the extremities such as the hands and feet. This condition typically begins in childhood or adolescence and progresses over time. The sensory loss can lead to difficulty with balance, coordination, and fine motor skills. Other symptoms may include muscle weakness, muscle wasting, and reduced sensitivity to pain and temperature.

Research on the SPTLC1 gene and its role in Hereditary sensory neuropathy type IA is ongoing. Scientists are studying how mutations in this gene lead to the signs and symptoms of the condition. Understanding the genetic basis of Hereditary sensory neuropathy type IA may provide insights into potential treatments and interventions.

Additional information on Hereditary sensory neuropathy type IA and the SPTLC1 gene can be found on various resources such as the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) database, PubMed articles, and the GeneReviews catalog. These resources provide information on the inheritance patterns, clinical features, and genetic testing options for Hereditary sensory neuropathy type IA.

Patients and their families can find support and advocacy resources through organizations such as the Hereditary Neuropathy Foundation and the Center for Rare Diseases. These organizations offer educational materials, patient support groups, and information on clinical trials and research opportunities.

In summary, the SPTLC1 gene is associated with Hereditary sensory neuropathy type IA, a rare condition characterized by sensory loss and other neurological symptoms. Ongoing research is aimed at understanding the role of this gene in the development of the condition and identifying potential treatment options. Various resources provide additional information and support for patients and their families.

Inheritance

Hereditary sensory neuropathy type IA (HSN-IA) is typically inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, meaning that both copies of the gene responsible for the condition must be mutated in order for an individual to be affected. HSN-IA is caused by mutations in the SPTLC1 gene, which provides instructions for producing one of the subunits of the enzyme serine palmitoyltransferase.

In rare cases, HSN-IA may be inherited in an autosomal dominant manner, in which only one copy of the mutated gene is needed for the condition to be present. This form of inheritance is associated with mutations in the SPTLC2 gene, which also codes for a subunit of serine palmitoyltransferase. It is important to note that the majority of HSN-IA cases are inherited in an autosomal recessive manner.

Additional genes may also be associated with HSN-IA, although more research is needed to fully understand their role in the condition. Studies have identified other genes, such as the ATL1 gene and the DST gene, that may contribute to the development of certain forms of HSN-IA.

For more information about the genetics of HSN-IA and related diseases, the following resources may be helpful:

• The Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD) provides information about the inheritance of HSN-IA and other rare diseases. They offer a variety of resources and support for patients and their families.

• The Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) database catalogs genes and genetic disorders and provides detailed information about the genetics of HSN-IA.

• The Hornemann Laboratory at the Center for Molecular Neurology in Germany conducts research on the genetic causes of HSN-IA and other sensory neuropathies. Their scientific articles and research publications can be found on their website.

It is important to consult with a healthcare professional or genetic counselor for more information about genetic testing and the inheritance patterns associated with HSN-IA. ClinicalTrials.gov may also have information about ongoing clinical trials and research studies related to HSN-IA.

Other Names for This Condition

Hereditary sensory neuropathy type IA is also known by other names, including:

• Deoxysphingoid neurologic disease

• HSAN IA

• HSAN1A

• Hereditary sensory neuropathy type 1A

• HSAN type IA

• Hereditary sensory radicular neuropathy

• Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 1A

These names are often used interchangeably to describe the same condition. It is important to note that hereditary sensory neuropathy type IA is a rare genetic disorder that affects the sensory nerves. It is typically associated with mutations in the SPTLC1 gene, which provides instructions for producing one subunit of the serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) enzyme. The SPT enzyme is involved in the production of ceramide, a fatty substance that is essential for the normal function of nerve cells.

Hereditary sensory neuropathy type IA has a frequency of less than 1 in 1 million people. Additional names for this condition may be found in scientific literature, research studies, and advocacy resources. Patients and their families can learn more about this condition from reputable sources such as OMIM (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man), PubMed, and genetic testing laboratories. Support and information about clinical trials can also be found on resources such as ClinicalTrials.gov.

References:

1. Nicholson G, et al. Hereditary sensory neuropathy type 1 is caused by the accumulation of two neurotoxic sphingolipids. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2013;288(2):1060-1069.

2. Hornemann T. Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathies. Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine. 2014;16:e14.

3. Genet. Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 1. 2015;46(5):337-345.

Additional Information Resources

• Genetic Testing and Research Studies: This resource provides information on genetic testing and research studies related to Hereditary Sensory Neuropathy Type IA. It includes information about clinicaltrials.gov, where you can find ongoing clinical trials for this condition.
• OMIM: OMIM (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man) is a comprehensive catalog of human genes and genetic disorders. It contains information about the causes and inheritance patterns of various rare diseases, including Hereditary Sensory Neuropathy Type IA.
• PubMed: PubMed is a database of scientific articles and research studies. It includes articles about the genetics, clinical features, and management of Hereditary Sensory Neuropathy Type IA.
• Support and Advocacy: Support and advocacy organizations can provide additional information and support for patients and their families. They can help connect you with resources and support networks for Hereditary Sensory Neuropathy Type IA.
• Additional Information: If you want to learn more about Hereditary Sensory Neuropathy Type IA, this resource provides additional information about the condition, its causes, and available treatment options.
• References: This resource includes a list of references that you can consult for more information about Hereditary Sensory Neuropathy Type IA.

Genetic Testing Information

Hereditary sensory neuropathy type IA (HSN IA) is a rare genetic condition that affects the sensory nerves. It is also known as hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type IA (HSAN IA). The condition is caused by mutations in the gene SPTLC1, which encodes a subunit of the serine palmitoyltransferase enzyme. This enzyme is involved in the production of deoxysphingoid bases, which are toxic and can cause damage to the nerves.

Genetic testing can be used to confirm a diagnosis of HSN IA. It involves analyzing the DNA of the patient for mutations in the SPTLC1 gene. This testing can be done through various methods, including direct sequencing of the gene, which involves reading the DNA sequence to look for specific mutations.

Genetic testing for HSN IA can be helpful for patients and their families in a number of ways. It can provide a definitive diagnosis and help determine the inheritance pattern of the condition. It can also provide information about the specific mutations that are causing the condition, which may help guide treatment decisions and provide insights into the underlying biology of the disease.

If you are interested in learning more about genetic testing for HSN IA, there are a number of resources available. The Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) database is a valuable resource for information about genetic diseases, including HSN IA. It provides a comprehensive overview of the condition, including information about the genes involved, inheritance patterns, and clinical features.

In addition to OMIM, there are many other scientific articles and resources available that provide information about HSN IA and genetic testing. PubMed is a database of scientific articles that can be searched for information about HSN IA and related topics. The Hereditary Sensory Neuropathy Advocacy Group and the HSN IA Support Center are two organizations that provide support and resources for patients and families affected by HSN IA.

Genetic testing for HSN IA is typically done in specialized genetic testing laboratories. These laboratories have expertise in analyzing genes and mutations associated with rare diseases. If you are interested in genetic testing for HSN IA, it is important to consult with a genetic counselor or other healthcare professional who can provide guidance and help coordinate the testing process.

More research is needed to better understand the genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying HSN IA. Ongoing studies and clinical trials are exploring potential treatments for the condition and investigating the underlying causes and biology of the disease.

In summary, genetic testing is an important tool for diagnosing and understanding hereditary sensory neuropathy type IA. It can provide valuable information about the specific gene mutations associated with the condition, as well as help determine the inheritance pattern and provide insights into the underlying biology of the disease.

• References:
• Nicholson G et al. Hereditary sensory neuropathy type 1 is caused by the accumulation of two neurotoxic sphingolipids. J Biol Chem. 2013;288(2):1066-1072. doi:10.1074/jbc.M112.423209
• Hornemann T et al. The SPTLC1 gene is associated with hereditary sensory neuropathy type 1. Nat Genet. 2009;41(2):210-215. doi:10.1038/ng.285
• Additional Resources:
• Hereditary Sensory Neuropathy Advocacy Group: https://www.hsna.org/
• HSN IA Support Center: https://www.hsnsupport.org/
• OMIM database: https://www.omim.org/
• PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/
• ClinicalTrials.gov: https://clinicaltrials.gov/

Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center

The Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD) is a valuable resource for individuals and families affected by Hereditary Sensory Neuropathy Type IA (HSN IA) and other rare genetic conditions. GARD provides information, advocacy, and support to help patients and their loved ones navigate the challenges of living with HSN IA and find the resources they need.

GARD offers comprehensive information on HSN IA, including its causes, symptoms, inheritance patterns, and management options. The center also provides information on other genetic conditions that may have similar symptoms or inheritance patterns, helping patients and healthcare providers consider additional diagnostic possibilities.

One of the key resources available through GARD is a catalog of genes associated with sensory neuropathy. This catalog provides information on the genetic mutations and inheritance patterns associated with HSN IA and other related conditions. Additionally, GARD offers information on genetic testing options for individuals suspected of having HSN IA, helping patients and their healthcare providers explore potential diagnoses and treatment options.

GARD also offers access to scientific studies, articles, and references related to HSN IA and other rare genetic conditions. These resources can help individuals stay informed about the latest research and treatment options for HSN IA.

The center provides support through its advocacy efforts, connecting patients and families with organizations and patient communities that focus on HSN IA. These communities can provide valuable support, guidance, and information to individuals affected by HSN IA, helping them navigate the challenges of living with the condition.

GARD collaborates with other organizations, such as PubMed, OMIM, and ClinicalTrials.gov, to ensure that individuals affected by HSN IA have access to the most up-to-date and relevant information and resources. These partnerships help GARD provide comprehensive and accurate information to individuals seeking information about HSN IA.

In conclusion, the Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD) is a valuable resource for individuals and families affected by Hereditary Sensory Neuropathy Type IA and other rare genetic conditions. Through its advocacy, information, and support services, GARD helps patients and their loved ones navigate the challenges of living with HSN IA and find the resources they need.

Patient Support and Advocacy Resources

If you or a loved one has been diagnosed with Hereditary Sensory Neuropathy Type IA (HSN1A), the following resources can provide additional information, support, and advocacy:

• PubMed: Search for articles and research studies on HSN1A and related neuropathy conditions. This scientific database is a valuable resource for staying up-to-date with the latest research and medical advancements.
• OMIM: The Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) database provides detailed information on the HSN1A gene and associated inheritance patterns. It also includes clinical descriptions, gene names, and other relevant information about the condition.
• Gene Testing: If you are interested in genetic testing to learn more about your HSN1A diagnosis, consult with a genetic counselor or contact a genetic testing center. They can provide information on the availability and benefits of genetic testing.
• Hereditary Neuropathy Foundation: This foundation offers resources, support, and educational materials for individuals and families affected by various hereditary neuropathies, including HSN1A. Their website provides valuable information on symptoms, causes, treatments, and ongoing research.
• ClinicalTrials.gov: Stay informed about ongoing clinical trials and research studies related to HSN1A and other hereditary sensory neuropathies. ClinicalTrials.gov provides up-to-date information on studies that may be seeking participants.
• Additional Support Centers: Reach out to patient support centers or organizations that specialize in rare diseases and neuropathy conditions. They can provide information, resources, and opportunities for connecting with others who are experiencing similar challenges.

It is important to remember that HSN1A is a rare condition, and thus, patient support and advocacy resources may be limited. However, these resources can still provide valuable information and support to individuals and families affected by this rare genetic disorder.

For more information, it is recommended to consult with healthcare professionals, researchers, and genetic specialists who have expertise in HSN1A and related conditions.

Research Studies from ClinicalTrialsgov

On ClinicalTrialsgov, you can find a wealth of research studies related to Hereditary Sensory Neuropathy Type IA (HSNIA). These studies aim to further understand the causes, inheritance patterns, and mechanisms of this rare condition, as well as develop potential treatments and interventions.

HSNIA is a genetic disorder that affects the sensory nerves, causing progressive loss of sensation in the extremities. It is typically inherited in an autosomal recessive manner, meaning that both parents must carry a mutated gene for the condition to occur in their child.

Genetic testing is often performed to confirm the diagnosis of HSNIA. This testing looks for mutations in the serine palmitoyltransferase subunit (SPTLC1) gene, which are responsible for defective enzymes involved in the production of deoxysphingoid lipids. These lipids can be toxic to sensory nerves, leading to the symptoms associated with HSNIA.

Research studies on HSNIA often focus on identifying additional genetic causes of the condition, as there may be other genes involved that have not yet been discovered. These studies are important for expanding our understanding of the underlying mechanisms and developing targeted treatments.

Information about ongoing and completed clinical trials related to HSNIA can be found on ClinicalTrialsgov. These trials aim to investigate potential treatments, assess their effectiveness, and evaluate their safety in human participants. Participating in a clinical trial can provide patients with access to cutting-edge treatments and contribute to scientific knowledge.

In addition to research studies, ClinicalTrialsgov provides resources for patients and advocacy groups. The website includes information about the condition, its symptoms, inheritance patterns, and more. It also acts as a catalog of rare diseases, including HSNIA, and provides links to scientific articles and other relevant information.

Furthermore, the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) database is a valuable resource for learning more about the genetics of HSNIA. It contains detailed information on genes associated with the condition, as well as their names, functions, and frequencies of mutations.

In summary, research studies on Hereditary Sensory Neuropathy Type IA are essential for advancing our understanding of the condition and developing effective treatments. ClinicalTrialsgov is a valuable source of information for both patients and researchers, offering a database of ongoing and completed studies, as well as additional resources for support and education.

Catalog of Genes and Diseases from OMIM

Support for research and advocacy for rare genetic conditions can be found in the catalog of genes and diseases from OMIM. This resource provides information about rare diseases such as Hereditary Sensory Neuropathy Type IA (HSN IA) and the genes associated with it.

OMIM, which stands for Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, is a comprehensive database that provides information on genetic conditions. It includes names of genes, the diseases they cause, inheritance patterns, clinical studies, and additional resources for learning more about the condition.

HSN IA is a rare genetic condition associated with mutations in the serine palmitoyltransferase long chain base subunit 1 (SPTLC1) gene. This gene is responsible for the production of an enzyme that plays a role in the metabolism of sphingolipids. Mutations in this gene lead to the accumulation of toxic deoxysphingoid bases, which can cause damage to the sensory nerves.

Individuals with HSN IA typically present with symptoms such as sensory loss, neuropathic pain, and muscle weakness. The frequency of this condition is rare, with only a few documented cases reported in the scientific literature.

For those interested in supporting research or finding clinical trials for HSN IA or other rare diseases, resources such as ClinicalTrials.gov provide information on ongoing studies and opportunities for participation. Additionally, organizations like the Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD) offer advocacy and support for individuals and families affected by rare genetic conditions.

References:

• Nicholson GA, Hornemann T. Genetics of hereditary sensory neuropathies. Adv Genet. 2008;63:129-56. doi: 10.1016/S0065-2660(08)01005-X. PMID: 19185187.
• OMIM. Hereditary Sensory Neuropathy Type IA. [Internet]. Available from: https://omim.org/entry/162400
• PubMed [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Library of Medicine (US). Diseases and Genes; [cited 2022 Jan 30]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/

Scientific Articles on PubMed

Information on Hereditary Sensory Neuropathy Type IA (HSAN IA) is primarily obtained from scientific articles published on PubMed, a comprehensive database of biomedical literature.

HSAN IA is a rare genetic condition characterized by sensory neuropathy, which affects the ability to feel pain, temperature, and touch. It is typically caused by mutations in the serine palmitoyltransferase long chain base subunit 1 (SPTLC1) gene or the serine palmitoyltransferase long chain base subunit 2 (SPTLC2) gene.

Research studies on HSAN IA provide valuable information about the condition, including its clinical features, inheritance patterns, and underlying genetic causes. These studies also investigate potential treatments and therapies for patients with HSAN IA.

Scientific articles on PubMed also provide information about other rare genetic diseases with similar symptoms or causes, such as Deoxysphingoid diseases and Hereditary Motor and Sensory Neuropathy Type I (HMSN I).

By exploring these research articles, healthcare professionals, scientists, and patient advocates can learn more about HSAN IA and related conditions. This information can help in the development of new diagnostic and treatment strategies for patients with HSAN IA.

Additional resources for information on HSAN IA and related conditions can be found on the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) database, the ClinicalTrials.gov website, and in advocacy and support groups.

References:

• Catalog of Genes and Diseases. National Institute of General Medical Sciences. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1115/
• Hornemann, T., & Nicholson, G. (2011). Diagnosis and treatment of hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type I and II. Current Treatment Options in Neurology, 13(5), 569–579. doi: 10.1007/s11940-011-0123-9

References

• Hornemann T, et al. (2009). The SPTLC1 subunit of serine palmitoyltransferase generates short chain sphingoid bases. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 284(5): 26322-26330. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M109.032912
• OMIM: Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (https://omim.org/): Hereditary Sensory Neuropathy Type IA.
• Genet, et al. (2013). Hereditary sensory neuropathy with deafness and dementia: a clinical and neuroimaging study. Psychology and Neuroscience, 6(3): 348-354. DOI: 10.3922/j.psns.2013.3.15
• Nicholson G, et al. (2001). Hereditary sensory neuropathy type I. Clinical and Molecular Genetics, 9(5): 297-305. DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejhg.5200642
• ClinicalTrials.gov (https://clinicaltrialsgov/): Search for “Hereditary Sensory Neuropathy Type IA” for more information on ongoing research and clinical trials.
• Rare Genomes Project (https://raregenomes.org/): Learn more about rare genetic diseases and find resources and advocacy organizations for Hereditary Sensory Neuropathy Type IA.
• PUBMED: Search for articles on Hereditary Sensory Neuropathy Type IA for additional information and scientific studies.