Trisomy 13, also known as Patau syndrome, is a rare genetic condition associated with the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 13 in the cells of a patient. This condition is characterized by a wide range of features and can have a significant impact on the affected individual’s development and overall health.

Children with trisomy 13 often have distinctive facial features, such as cleft lip and palate, as well as abnormalities in other parts of their body. The frequency and severity of these features can vary widely between individuals.

The causes of trisomy 13 are not fully understood, but it is known to occur randomly and is not typically inherited. Genetic testing can confirm a diagnosis of trisomy 13, and additional testing may be done to gather more information about the condition and its effects.

There are resources available for parents and caregivers of children with trisomy 13, including advocacy and support organizations. Scientific articles and research studies can also provide valuable information about the condition. PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov are two reputable sources where you can find references to relevant articles and ongoing research studies.

Given the rarity of trisomy 13, it is important for healthcare professionals and researchers to continue studying this condition to learn more about its causes, features, and potential treatments. The Trisomy 13 Consortium is one group that conducts scientific research and collaborates with experts in the field to advance our understanding of this rare condition.

Frequency

The frequency of Trisomy 13, also known as Patau syndrome, is relatively low in the general population. It is estimated to occur in approximately 1 in 10,000 to 1 in 16,000 live births.

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This genetic condition is caused by the presence of an additional copy of chromosome 13 in the cells of the body. While the extra genetic material affects development and causes various physical and intellectual disabilities, the exact cause of the chromosomal abnormality is not well understood.

Trisomy 13 is often associated with a range of features, including cleft lip and palate, heart defects, eye abnormalities, and extra fingers or toes. However, the severity and combination of symptoms can vary widely among affected individuals.

Research and genetic testing for Trisomy 13 are available to help diagnose the condition prenatally or after birth. Testing may involve analyzing the chromosomes in a sample of cells, such as amniotic fluid or blood. Other diagnostic techniques, such as ultrasound, can also provide additional information about the condition.

There are a number of resources available for families and individuals affected by Trisomy 13, including advocacy organizations, patient support groups, and clinical trials. The Trisomy 13 Online Support Center and the Trisomy 13/18 Research Consortium are examples of organizations that provide information, support, and resources for families and individuals.

For more scientific and clinical information about Trisomy 13, interested individuals can refer to articles and studies published in scientific journals. PubMed, a database of biomedical literature, is a valuable resource for finding relevant research articles. ClinicalTrials.gov is another helpful website that provides information about ongoing clinical trials related to Trisomy 13.

Overall, Trisomy 13 is a rare genetic condition with a low frequency in the general population. While it can cause significant health challenges for affected individuals and their families, there are resources and support available to help navigate the associated medical, educational, and emotional needs.

Causes

Trisomy 13, also known as Patau syndrome, is a genetic condition caused by the presence of an additional copy of chromosome 13 in the cells of a patient. The condition is named after the scientist who first described it, Klaus Patau.

Trisomy 13 is a rare genetic disorder with a frequency of about 1 in 10,000 to 1 in 16,000 live births. It is associated with a variety of physical and developmental features, including severe intellectual disability, heart defects, cleft lip and palate, and other abnormalities.

The exact causes of trisomy 13 are not fully understood, but it is believed to be the result of random errors in cell division during the formation of eggs or sperm. These errors can occur in any person without a family history of the condition.

Studies have shown that advanced maternal age is a risk factor for having a child with trisomy 13, as well as other trisomies such as Down syndrome (Trisomy 21) and Edwards syndrome (Trisomy 18).

Testing for trisomy 13 can be done during pregnancy through prenatal screening or diagnostic testing. Prenatal screening involves a combination of blood tests and ultrasound examinations to assess the risk of certain genetic diseases, including trisomy 13. Diagnostic testing, such as amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling, can provide a definitive diagnosis by analyzing the genetic material of the fetus.

Trisomy 13 is not inherited from parents. It is caused by a random error in cell division during the early stages of development. However, parents who have had a child with trisomy 13 have a slightly increased risk of having another child with the condition in future pregnancies.

Research and advocacy groups, such as the Trisomy 13 Research Consortium, provide additional support and information for families affected by trisomy 13. Scientific articles and publications, such as those available on PubMed, can also provide more information about the causes, features, and testing for trisomy 13.

ClinicalTrials.gov is another resource where ongoing studies and clinical trials related to trisomy 13 can be found. These studies aim to further understand the condition and develop potential treatments or interventions for affected children.

Learn more about the chromosome associated with Trisomy 13

Trisomy 13 is a rare genetic condition, also known as Patau syndrome, which occurs when a person has three copies of chromosome 13 instead of the usual two copies. This extra chromosome disrupts normal development and causes the characteristic features and medical problems associated with Trisomy 13.

For more information about the genetic causes of Trisomy 13 and related studies, you can refer to the following resources:

• PubMed: A scientific citation database where you can find full articles about Trisomy 13 and its associated chromosome.
• ClinicalTrials.gov: A database of clinical trials and research studies related to Trisomy 13. This resource provides information on ongoing studies that aim to understand the condition better and develop new treatments.
• Trisomy Advocacy & Support: An organization that provides information, resources, and support for individuals and families affected by Trisomy 13. They offer educational materials, access to support groups, and links to other helpful websites.
• Consortium for Ultra-Rare Disorders: This consortium focuses on studying and understanding rare genetic diseases, including Trisomy 13. They aim to identify the genetic causes, inheritance patterns, and potential treatments for these conditions.
• Genetics Home Reference: A website developed by the National Library of Medicine that provides comprehensive information about Trisomy 13. They include information on the features of the condition, inheritance patterns, and current research.

Learning more about the chromosome associated with Trisomy 13 can help individuals, families, and healthcare professionals understand the condition better and provide appropriate care and support for affected individuals.

Inheritance

Trisomy 13, also known as Patau syndrome, is a rare genetic condition that is associated with the presence of an additional chromosome 13 in some or all of the body’s cells. This condition is characterized by a variety of features, including intellectual disability, physical abnormalities, and other health issues.

According to scientific research, trisomy 13 is not inherited from parents. Rather, it typically occurs sporadically as a random event during the formation of reproductive cells or early development. In very rare cases, however, it can be inherited from a parent who carries a balanced translocation involving chromosome 13.

The scientific community has made significant progress in understanding the causes and inheritance patterns of trisomy 13. The Trisomy 13 Consortium, a collaboration of researchers and clinicians, has provided a wealth of resources for both patients and healthcare professionals to learn more about this condition. The consortium’s website offers information about the clinical features of trisomy 13, genetic testing options, and additional support and advocacy resources.

Several studies have been conducted to better understand the frequency and clinical outcomes associated with trisomy 13. The National Institutes of Health’s clinicaltrials.gov and PubMed databases provide references to scientific articles and research studies on this topic. These resources can be helpful for healthcare professionals and researchers who are interested in furthering their knowledge about the genetic and clinical aspects of trisomy 13.

It is important to note that trisomy 13 can be associated with a range of health issues, including heart defects, cleft lip and palate, brain abnormalities, and other physical and intellectual disabilities. Early diagnosis through prenatal or postnatal genetic testing can help healthcare professionals provide appropriate medical care and support for individuals and families affected by trisomy 13.

In summary, trisomy 13 is a rare genetic condition that is typically not inherited from parents. The scientific community continues to conduct research to gain a better understanding of the causes and clinical outcomes associated with this condition. Resources such as the Trisomy 13 Consortium and scientific databases like clinicaltrials.gov and PubMed provide valuable information for healthcare professionals and researchers seeking to learn more about trisomy 13 and its impact on individuals and families.

Other Names for This Condition

• Trisomy 13 Syndrome
• Patau Syndrome
• T13 Syndrome
• D1 Trisomy Syndrome
• Chromosome 13 Trisomy Syndrome
• Trisomy D Syndrome

Trisomy 13, also known as Patau syndrome or T13 syndrome, is a rare genetic disorder caused by having an extra copy of chromosome 13. It is characterized by various birth defects and is associated with severe intellectual disability and physical abnormalities. Trisomy 13 is named after Dr. Klaus Patau, who first described the condition in 1960.

The features of Trisomy 13 can vary widely among affected individuals. Common physical abnormalities include cleft lip and palate, extra fingers or toes, small eyes, heart defects, and brain abnormalities. Many affected infants have a reduced lifespan, with few living beyond the first year of life.

Research and testing on Trisomy 13 are ongoing to better understand the causes, inheritance patterns, and frequency of the condition. Studies are focused on identifying the underlying genetic and molecular mechanisms that contribute to the development of Trisomy 13, as well as potential treatment options.

There are resources available to support and provide information to patients and families affected by Trisomy 13. Advocacy organizations, such as the Trisomy 13 Parent Resources, provide emotional support, educational materials, and connections to other families. The Trisomy 13 Consortium is a network of scientists and clinicians dedicated to advancing research and clinical trials for Trisomy 13.

If you would like to learn more about Trisomy 13, additional information can be found in scientific articles and genetic databases such as PubMed and GeneReviews. Genetic testing can also be done to confirm a diagnosis of Trisomy 13 and provide further information about the specific genetic changes associated with the condition.

References

1.	Genetics Home Reference. Trisomy 13 syndrome. Available from: https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/trisomy-13-syndrome. Accessed November 1, 2021.
2.	Trisomy 13 Parent Resources. About T13. Available from: https://www.trisomy13.org/about-t13. Accessed November 1, 2021.
3.	The Trisomy 13 Consortium. Available from: https://trisomy.org/. Accessed November 1, 2021.

Additional Information Resources

Trisomy 13, also known as Patau syndrome, is a genetic condition in which a person has three copies of chromosome 13 instead of the usual two copies. It is one of the diseases caused by a full extra copy of a chromosome and is very rare, with a frequency of about 1 in 16,000 to 1 in 20,000 live births.

For more information on Trisomy 13 and other genetic conditions, the following resources can provide additional support and research:

• The Trisomy 13 Consortium: This consortium is a group of organizations dedicated to promoting awareness, scientific studies, and support for individuals and families affected by Trisomy 13. Their website offers information about the condition, advocacy resources, and names of genetic testing centers.
• The National Institutes of Health (NIH): The NIH provides comprehensive information on various genetic conditions, including Trisomy 13. Their website contains references, research studies, and clinical trials information related to the condition.
• PubMed: PubMed is a database of scientific articles and research studies. It can be used to search for articles on Trisomy 13 and learn about the latest advancements in the field.
• The National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD): NORD is a patient advocacy organization that provides support, information, and resources for individuals and families affected by rare diseases. Their website includes information on Trisomy 13, as well as links to support groups and patient communities.
• The Cleft Palate Foundation: Trisomy 13 is associated with cleft lip and palate, among other physical features. The Cleft Palate Foundation offers information, resources, and support for individuals and families affected by cleft lip and palate conditions.

It is important to note that genetic testing can help with the diagnosis of Trisomy 13 and provide more information about the condition. If you suspect that your child may have Trisomy 13 or if there is a family history of the condition, consult with a healthcare professional for appropriate testing and guidance.

Genetic Testing Information

Genetic testing plays a critical role in the diagnosis and understanding of Trisomy 13, a rare genetic condition. This type of testing involves the analysis of a person’s DNA to identify any abnormalities or mutations that may be causing the condition.

Research and clinical studies on Trisomy 13 provide a wealth of information about its genetic causes and associated features. These studies can be accessed through various resources, such as PubMed, where peer-reviewed articles and scientific papers are published. These resources offer valuable insights into the inheritance patterns, clinical features, and additional testing options associated with Trisomy 13.

• PubMed: PubMed is a vast database that provides access to a wide range of scientific articles and research studies on Trisomy 13. By searching for specific keywords like “Trisomy 13” or “Patau syndrome” (another name for Trisomy 13), one can find a wealth of information to support further learning and understanding.
• ClinicalTrials.gov: ClinicalTrials.gov is a comprehensive online resource that includes information about ongoing clinical trials related to Trisomy 13. These trials provide an opportunity for patients and their families to explore potential treatment options and participate in the advancement of research.
• Genetic Testing Centers: Genetic testing centers can offer comprehensive genetic testing services for individuals suspected of having Trisomy 13. These centers use various techniques, such as karyotyping or fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), to evaluate the chromosomes and identify the presence of an additional chromosome 13.
• Genetic Advocacy Groups: There are several genetic advocacy groups that offer support, information, and resources to individuals and families affected by Trisomy 13. These organizations provide a platform for connecting with others who have similar experiences and can offer guidance and emotional support.

It is important to note that Trisomy 13 is a rare condition, occurring in approximately 1 in 10,000 to 1 in 16,000 live births. Genetic testing can help confirm the diagnosis and provide important information about the condition’s specific genetic causes and associated features.

Genetic testing can be performed on various types of samples, including blood, amniotic fluid, or cells from the placenta. Different testing methods may be used depending on the specific needs and circumstances of the individual being tested.

In conclusion, genetic testing is a crucial tool in understanding Trisomy 13 and its genetic causes. It provides valuable information for healthcare providers, patients, and families, enabling them to make informed decisions and access appropriate support and resources.

Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center

The Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD) is a consortium of genetic and rare diseases experts who provide information and resources about genetic diseases, including Trisomy 13. GARD aims to support patients and families by providing up-to-date information on the causes, inheritance, and features of rare genetic conditions.

GARD offers a wide range of resources for individuals seeking more information about Trisomy 13. The center provides access to articles, studies, and scientific references on the condition. Through GARD, individuals can learn about the frequency of Trisomy 13 and other rare genetic diseases and find support and advocacy groups for individuals affected by the condition.

GARD also offers information on clinical trials and testing options for Trisomy 13. Individuals can explore the available testing options and learn about the benefits and limitations of each option. GARD provides information on testing resources and can help connect individuals with genetic testing facilities.

Trisomy 13, also known as Patau syndrome, is a rare genetic condition that occurs when an individual has an extra copy of chromosome 13. This additional genetic material can cause severe developmental and medical issues. Babies with Trisomy 13 often have multiple birth defects, such as cleft lip and palate, heart defects, and brain abnormalities.

Genetic studies have shown that Trisomy 13 is caused by errors in cell division during the formation of an egg or sperm. The condition is not inherited from the parents and is typically not passed down to future generations.

Having a child with Trisomy 13 can be challenging, and families may require additional support and resources. GARD provides information on support groups and advocacy organizations that can offer guidance and assistance to families affected by Trisomy 13.

References:

• Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center. Trisomy 13. Available at: https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/8720/trisomy-13. Accessed on citation date.
• National Library of Medicine. PubMed. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Accessed on citation date.
• ClinicalTrials.gov. Information on Trisomy 13 clinical trials. Available at: https://clinicaltrials.gov. Accessed on citation date.

Patient Support and Advocacy Resources

Having a child with Trisomy 13, a rare genetic condition, can be challenging both emotionally and physically. This full trisomy, with an incidence frequency of 1 in every 5,000 to 16,000 live births, can cause severe medical issues and intellectual disabilities. Fortunately, there are resources available to provide support and advocacy for families affected by this condition.

One of the main resources for families with a child with Trisomy 13 is the Trisomy 13 ClinicalTrials.gov consortium. This consortium is dedicated to conducting research and genetic testing to better understand the causes and features of Trisomy 13. Their website provides a wealth of information about the condition, including scientific articles and references from PubMed, a trusted scientific research database.

For families seeking support and guidance, the Trisomy 13 Information Center is an excellent resource. They offer comprehensive information about the condition, including the inheritance patterns, associated diseases, and additional resources for families. The center also provides a list of support groups and advocacy organizations that can offer emotional support and practical assistance.

In addition to these resources, there are also online communities where families can connect with others who are going through similar experiences. These communities provide a platform for sharing stories, advice, and coping strategies. It can be comforting to connect with other parents who understand the unique challenges of raising a child with Trisomy 13.

In conclusion, having a child with Trisomy 13 is a rare and complex situation. However, there are patient support and advocacy resources available to help families navigate this journey. From scientific research and genetic testing to emotional support and advocacy organizations, families can find the support they need to care for their loved ones with Trisomy 13.

References:

• Trisomy 13 Information Center. Retrieved from https://trisomyhelp.org/

• Trisomy 13 ClinicalTrials.gov consortium. Retrieved from https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?term=trisomy+13

Research Studies from ClinicalTrialsgov

ClinicalTrials.gov is a resource provided by the U.S. National Library of Medicine, which includes information about clinical trials on various diseases and conditions. Here are some research studies related to Trisomy 13:

• Study 1: “Genetic Testing and Counseling for Trisomy 13”

This study aims to evaluate the genetic causes of Trisomy 13 and provide genetic counseling to affected families. Researchers will collect DNA samples from patients with Trisomy 13 and their parents to identify the specific genetic mutations associated with the condition. This study will also provide information and support to families regarding the inheritance and features of Trisomy 13.

• Study 2: “Advocacy and Support for Trisomy 13 Children and Their Families”

This study focuses on providing advocacy and support to families of children with Trisomy 13. The research center will work closely with various patient advocacy groups and organizations to raise awareness about Trisomy 13 and provide resources for affected families. The study aims to improve the quality of life for children with Trisomy 13 and their families by providing them with access to information, support groups, and other helpful resources.

• Study 3: “Clinical Features and Genetic Testing in Trisomy 13 Patients”

This study aims to investigate the clinical features and genetic causes of Trisomy 13. Researchers will collect clinical and genetic data from a large cohort of Trisomy 13 patients and analyze it to identify common features and potential genetic markers. The findings from this study may contribute to a better understanding of the condition and facilitate early diagnosis and intervention.

These studies, along with other research articles available on PubMed, provide valuable information about the causes, genetic testing, and associated features of Trisomy 13. They contribute to the scientific understanding of this rare chromosome disease and offer support for those affected by it.

Scientific Articles on PubMed

Trisomy 13, also known as Patau syndrome, is a rare genetic condition that occurs when an individual has an extra copy of chromosome 13. This condition is very rare, with a frequency of about 1 in 16,000 live births.

Scientific research on Trisomy 13 can provide valuable information about the causes, features, and inheritance of the condition. PubMed, a database of scientific articles, is a great resource for finding articles on this topic.

PubMed is a database that provides access to a vast collection of scientific articles in the field of medicine and biology. It contains full references and abstracts for many research studies and clinical trials.

The Trisomy 13 Research Center is a genetic advocacy and support center that provides resources and information for patients and families affected by Trisomy 13. The center also conducts genetic research and collaborates with other scientific institutions.

The Trisomy 13 Research Consortium is a group of researchers and clinicians dedicated to studying Trisomy 13 and related genetic disorders. The consortium conducts research studies and clinical trials to learn more about the condition and improve patient care.

Genetic testing can be done to diagnose Trisomy 13 in unborn babies or individuals suspected to have the condition. This testing involves analyzing cells from a blood sample or other tissues to look for the extra chromosome 13.

Scientific articles on PubMed can provide valuable information about the clinical features, genetic testing, and other aspects of Trisomy 13. They can also provide insight into the latest research and advancements in the understanding and management of the condition.

Additional resources about Trisomy 13, including patient advocacy groups and support organizations, can be found on the Trisomy 13 Research Center’s website and other trusted sources.

Information about ongoing research studies and clinical trials related to Trisomy 13 can be found on clinicaltrials.gov, a registry of clinical studies conducted around the world.

It is important for patients and families affected by Trisomy 13 to stay informed about the latest scientific research and medical advancements in the field. Scientific articles on PubMed and other reputable sources can serve as valuable sources of information and support.

References

• Chromosome 13 Trisomy. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/2189/trisomy-13
• Trisomy 13. (2020). Genetics Home Reference. Retrieved from https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/trisomy-13
• Trisomy 13 advocacy center. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.trisomy13.org/
• Consortium in Clinical and Molecular Diagnostics of Trisomy 13 and 18. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.ccmod.org/
• McGowan-Jordan, J., Simonic, I., & Schmid, M. (Eds.). (2016). ISCN 2016: An International System for Human Cytogenomic Nomenclature. Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers.
• American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics. (2018). Technical standards and guidelines: Prenatal screening and diagnosis of chromosomal abnormalities. Genetics in Medicine, 20(9), 964-973. doi:10.1038/gim.2018.38
• ClinicalTrials.gov. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://clinicaltrials.gov/
• PubMed. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/