The WRN gene, also known as the Werner syndrome gene, is a central player in DNA repair. It is involved in maintaining the integrity of the genome and preventing the onset of various health conditions and cancers. Mutations in this gene can cause Werner syndrome, which is characterized by premature aging and an increased risk of cancer.

The WRN gene has been extensively studied and its functions have been described in numerous scientific articles. It is listed in several databases, such as OMIM and PubMed, which provide additional information on the gene, its variants, and associated diseases. Testing for mutations in the WRN gene can be useful in diagnosing conditions related to DNA damage and transcriptional changes, such as certain types of cancer and other genetic disorders.

In addition to the WRN gene, there are other genes involved in DNA repair and maintenance that play a crucial role in preventing the development of various diseases. These genes are listed in resources such as the Catalog of Somatic Mutations in Cancer (COSMIC) and the GeneTests database. Testing for variants in these genes can provide important genetic information and help in the understanding of the underlying causes of certain conditions, including prostate cancer and normal aging.

Overall, the WRN gene is a key player in maintaining DNA integrity and preventing the onset of diseases. Its functions, along with those of other DNA repair genes, are crucial for the proper functioning of cells and the prevention of genetic abnormalities. Understanding the role of these genes in disease development can lead to the development of new diagnostic tests and targeted therapies.

Health Conditions Related to Genetic Changes

Genetic changes can have a profound impact on a person’s health. Understanding these changes can provide important information for diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of various diseases. Below is a list of health conditions associated with genetic changes:

• Werner Syndrome: This syndrome is caused by changes in the WRN gene and leads to premature aging.
• Cancer: Genetic changes in certain genes can increase the risk of developing certain types of cancer. These genes include BRCA1, BRCA2, and others.
• Prostate Cancer: Genetic tests can identify changes in genes that are associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer.
• Other Diseases: Genetic changes can also cause a variety of other diseases, including cardiovascular conditions, neurodegenerative disorders, and autoimmune diseases.

There are several resources available to learn more about genetic changes and their associated health conditions:

In studies, the artificial intelligence (AI) technology used in some online health services for preliminary screening before connecting patients with a doctor actually outperformed real physicians in terms of reaching an accurate diagnosis, CNN AI technology correctly diagnosed conditions in 81% of patients, compared to a 72% average for accurate diagnoses among real physicians over a five-year period.

1. Catalog of Human Genes and Genetic Disorders: A comprehensive database that provides information on genes and genetic disorders. It includes information on the WRN gene and Werner syndrome.
2. OMIM: Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man is a database that provides information on genes and genetic disorders. It includes information on various health conditions related to genetic changes.
3. PubMed: An online platform that provides access to a vast collection of medical articles and references. It contains information on the latest research and findings related to genetic changes and health conditions.

Genetic testing is available to detect and identify specific genetic changes that may cause health conditions. These tests can be performed to assess risks, facilitate diagnosis, and inform treatment plans.

It is important to consult with healthcare professionals and genetic counselors for additional information and guidance regarding genetic changes and their impact on health.

Werner syndrome

Werner syndrome is a rare genetic disorder that leads to premature aging. It is caused by mutations in the WRN gene, which provides instructions for making a protein involved in DNA repair. Without this protein, cells are unable to effectively repair damage to their DNA, leading to the characteristic symptoms of Werner syndrome.

Werner syndrome is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, meaning that both copies of the WRN gene must have changes (mutations) for a person to be affected by the condition. These mutations can cause the WRN protein to be nonfunctional or absent, leading to the accumulation of DNA damage and the premature aging seen in Werner syndrome.

The symptoms of Werner syndrome usually begin in the teenage years or early adulthood and include premature graying and thinning of the hair, skin changes, cataracts, osteoporosis, and a higher risk of age-related conditions such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and certain types of cancer.

Diagnosis of Werner syndrome is usually based on the presence of characteristic clinical features and confirmed by genetic testing for mutations in the WRN gene. There are several tests available for genetic testing, including DNA sequencing and genetic variant analysis.

Several databases and registries provide additional information on Werner syndrome, including the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) database, which catalogues genes and genetic conditions, and PubMed, which lists scientific articles on the topic. These resources can be used to find more information on the genetics, clinical features, and management of Werner syndrome.

In addition to Werner syndrome, mutations in the WRN gene have also been associated with an increased risk of certain types of cancer, including prostate cancer. Genetic testing for changes in the WRN gene may be recommended for individuals with a personal or family history of these cancers.

Overall, understanding the WRN gene and its role in DNA repair provides valuable insights into the normal aging process and may lead to new tests and treatments for related conditions.

References:

• WRN gene. (n.d.). Retrieved from Genetics Home Reference website: https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene/WRN
• Werner syndrome. (2017). Retrieved from Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) website: https://omim.org/entry/277700
• Werner syndrome. (n.d.). Retrieved from Genetics Home Reference website: https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/werner-syndrome
• Tisi, A. (2016). Werner syndrome. Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases, 11, 117. doi:10.1186/s13023-016-0515-4

Prostate cancer

Prostate cancer is a health condition that can cause damage to the prostate gland. The WRN gene variant is one of the genetic changes that has been associated with an increased risk of developing this type of cancer.

Prostate cancer is listed in various scientific resources and databases, such as PubMed and the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) catalog. These resources provide information on the genetic basis of various diseases and conditions, including prostate cancer.

In addition to research on the WRN gene, there are also other genes that have been implicated in the development and progression of prostate cancer. Testing for genetic changes in these genes can provide important information on an individual’s risk for developing this disease.

The Gene database provides a comprehensive list of genes related to prostate cancer, including the WRN gene. This database also includes information on the function of these genes and their role in prostate cancer development.

Research on the WRN gene and its involvement in prostate cancer is ongoing. Scientists are studying the transcriptional changes in cells caused by this genetic variant and how it may contribute to the development of prostate cancer.

Understanding the genetic basis of prostate cancer can lead to improved diagnostic tests and treatment options for individuals with this condition. It can also provide insights into the underlying mechanisms of this disease and potentially identify new therapeutic targets.

For more information on prostate cancer and related topics, additional resources, such as scientific articles and genetic testing databases, can be referenced.

• PubMed – A database of scientific articles on various topics, including prostate cancer.
• Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) – A catalog of genetic diseases and conditions, including prostate cancer.
• Gene database – Provides information on genes related to prostate cancer, including the WRN gene.

By utilizing these resources and conducting further research, a better understanding of the genetic factors involved in prostate cancer can be achieved, which may lead to improved prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of this disease.

Cancers

Several cancers have been associated with changes in the WRN gene, which plays a central role in DNA repair. Mutations in this gene can lead to the development of various types of cancers.

Some of the cancers that have been linked to WRN gene mutations include:

• Prostate cancer: Studies have shown that certain variants of the WRN gene may increase the risk of prostate cancer.
• Additional tests: Genetic testing for WRN gene mutations can provide important information for individuals who have been diagnosed with certain cancers.

In addition to cancer, mutations in the WRN gene are also associated with Werner syndrome, a rare genetic condition characterized by premature aging and an increased risk of various diseases.

For more information about the role of the WRN gene in cancer and related conditions, you can refer to the following resources:

1. The WRN Gene Registry: This registry provides a catalog of genetic changes in the WRN gene, along with scientific articles and references related to the gene and its associated conditions.
2. PubMed: This database contains a wealth of scientific articles on the WRN gene and its role in cancer and other diseases.
3. OMIM: The Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man database provides comprehensive information on the WRN gene, including its associated diseases and genetic variants.

By studying the WRN gene and its variants, scientists and health professionals can gain a better understanding of the genetic factors that contribute to cancer development and progression. This knowledge can help guide the development of targeted therapies and screening tests for individuals at risk.

Other Names for This Gene

• Werner Syndrome RecQ Like Helicase
• RECQ3
• WRNPRP
• Werner Syndrome ATP-Dependent Helicase
• Werner Protein
• RecQ Protein-Like 2

The WRN gene, also known as the Werner Syndrome RecQ Like Helicase, has several other names. These alternative names are commonly used in scientific research, medical testing, and health registries. The multiple names for this gene can sometimes lead to confusion, but they all refer to the same gene and its associated functions.

The WRN gene is involved in DNA repair and plays a crucial role in maintaining the stability of the genome. Mutations in this gene are associated with Werner syndrome, a rare genetic disorder characterized by premature aging and an increased risk of various diseases, including certain types of cancer.

Information about the WRN gene and its functions can be found in various scientific publications and databases. Some of the resources that provide additional information about this gene include OMIM (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man), PubMed (a central repository for biomedical literature), and gene variant databases. These resources also provide information about other genes that cause genetic syndromes or contribute to diseases related to the WRN gene.

In addition to scientific articles and genetic databases, there are also tests available for testing the WRN gene and its variants. These tests can provide valuable information about an individual’s genetic predisposition to certain conditions related to the WRN gene, such as Werner syndrome or an increased risk of certain types of cancers.

References and Resources

OMIM	Provides information on genetic disorders and related genes.
PubMed	A central repository for biomedical literature.
Gene Variant Catalog	Provides information on genetic variants associated with diseases.
Scientific articles	Published research papers on the WRN gene and related topics.

Additional Information Resources

Testing for WRN gene mutations and related genes can provide valuable information about the health and genetic changes associated with Werner Syndrome and other diseases.

Below is a list of resources that provide further information, testing and support related to WRN gene:

• Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) database: OMIM provides comprehensive information on genetic conditions and genes, including WRN gene. It includes links to scientific articles, testing resources, and variant databases.
• PubMed: PubMed is a central database for scientific research articles. It contains a wealth of information on WRN gene, related genes, and their role in diseases. Search for “WRN gene” to find relevant articles and studies.
• Genetic Testing Registry (GTR): GTR is a database of genetic tests and laboratories. It lists genetic tests available for WRN gene and related genes, along with information about the tests and laboratories offering them.
• Cancer Genetics Catalog: This catalog, provided by the National Cancer Institute, provides information on genetic tests for various types of cancers. It includes testing options for WRN gene mutations in cancer-related contexts.
• Additional Health Resources: There are several other health resources that provide information on genetic testing, diseases, and conditions. These resources can provide more details on testing options, health implications, and support for individuals with WRN gene mutations.

It is important to consult with healthcare professionals and genetic counselors to understand the benefits, limitations, and implications of genetic testing for WRN gene and related genes.

Tests Listed in the Genetic Testing Registry

The Genetic Testing Registry (GTR) provides a catalog of genetic tests for various genes associated with different health conditions. In the case of the WRN gene, which is central to the cause of Werner syndrome, there are several tests listed in the GTR.

Testing the WRN gene can help identify changes or variants in this gene, which can cause damage to DNA repair mechanisms. These changes can lead to the development of various cancers and other conditions.

The GTR lists specific tests that can be used to detect alterations in the WRN gene. These tests provide important information for the diagnosis and management of Werner syndrome and related diseases.

Some of the tests listed in the GTR include:

• WRN Gene Sequencing: This test analyzes the entire coding region of the WRN gene to identify any changes or variants.
• WRN Gene Deletion/Duplication Analysis: This test detects larger changes in the WRN gene, such as deletions or duplications.

These tests can be performed using various laboratory methods and technologies. The GTR provides additional resources and references to scientific articles, databases, and other sources of information related to WRN gene testing.

In addition to the GTR, other databases and resources like OMIM, PubMed, and scientific journals also provide information on WRN gene testing and its association with Werner syndrome and related conditions.

It is important to note that genetic testing for the WRN gene should be done in consultation with a healthcare professional or a genetic counselor. They can provide guidance on the appropriateness of testing and help interpret the results.

Scientific Articles on PubMed

Scientific articles on PubMed provide a vast amount of information on the WRN gene and its role in various health conditions. The WRN gene is responsible for the production of the Werner protein, which plays a crucial role in DNA replication and repair processes.

Research has shown that mutations in the WRN gene can cause Werner syndrome, a rare genetic disorder characterized by accelerated aging and an increased risk of various diseases, including cancer. Scientists have identified different variants of the WRN gene, and studying their effects on transcription and normal functioning of cells has provided valuable insights into the mechanisms of aging and the development of cancer.

The WRN gene is not the only gene associated with diseases. The scientific articles listed in PubMed databases also cover other genetic changes that can lead to the development of various conditions. This information is crucial for genetic testing and can help in the diagnosis and management of inherited diseases.

In addition to providing information on the WRN gene and related conditions, PubMed also serves as a valuable resource for researchers, providing references to other scientific articles and databases. The information available on PubMed can be used to explore various topics related to DNA repair, genetic testing, and the role of genes in different health conditions.

Some of the scientific articles listed in PubMed provide insights into the connection between the WRN gene and cancer, including breast, ovarian, and prostate cancers. These studies aim to understand the genetic changes that contribute to the development of these cancers and explore potential targets for treatment.

Furthermore, PubMed provides a catalog of conditions associated with the WRN gene, including Werner syndrome and other related disorders. The registry serves as a comprehensive resource for researchers and healthcare professionals, providing access to information on the symptoms, diagnostic testing, and management strategies for these conditions.

Overall, the scientific articles available on PubMed play a crucial role in advancing our understanding of the WRN gene and its implication in various health conditions. They provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying these conditions and offer potential avenues for further research and development of targeted therapies.

Catalog of Genes and Diseases from OMIM

The Catalog of Genes and Diseases from OMIM is a comprehensive resource that provides information on various genetic conditions and genes. It serves as a central registry for genetic testing and related scientific articles.

OMIM, which stands for Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, is a widely used database for genetic information. It catalogs genes and their associated diseases, providing a valuable resource for researchers, healthcare professionals, and individuals looking for information on specific genetic conditions.

The catalog includes information on genes and diseases that are linked to various health conditions, such as Werner syndrome, a rare genetic disorder characterized by premature aging. The WRN gene is listed in the catalog, along with other genes associated with this syndrome.

In addition to genes and diseases, the catalog also provides information on testing and diagnostic methods. It lists tests that can be done to detect changes or variants in specific genes that can cause certain diseases. These tests can help identify individuals who may be at risk for certain genetic conditions, such as certain types of cancer.

OMIM also includes references to scientific articles and databases, such as PubMed, that provide further information on specific genes and diseases. This allows users to access additional resources for genetic research and stay updated on the latest findings in the field.

The catalog serves as a valuable tool for healthcare professionals and individuals seeking information on genetic conditions. It provides a comprehensive listing of genes and diseases, along with information on testing, diagnostic methods, and related resources. By using the catalog, healthcare professionals can make more informed decisions regarding diagnosis, treatment, and genetic counseling.

In summary, the Catalog of Genes and Diseases from OMIM is a central registry of genes and diseases that provides a wealth of information for researchers, healthcare professionals, and individuals. From information on genetic testing to references to scientific articles, this catalog is an invaluable resource for understanding and managing genetic conditions.

Gene and Variant Databases

In the field of genetics, gene and variant databases play a crucial role in providing comprehensive and up-to-date information on genetic variations. These databases serve as centralized repositories for storing and cataloging data related to genes, variants, and their associated conditions.

One of the major databases in this field is the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) database. OMIM provides a comprehensive catalog of genes and their associated diseases, including the WRN gene. It lists the different variants of the WRN gene that have been found to cause Werner syndrome, a rare genetic disorder characterized by premature aging.

In addition to OMIM, there are several other databases that focus on specific genes or genetic conditions. These databases provide detailed information on the genetic changes that have been associated with a particular condition. For example, the Prostate Cancer Gene Database (PCGD) is a resource that catalogues the genetic changes that are known to cause prostate cancer. It provides information on the specific genes and variants that have been implicated in the development of this disease.

To identify and document genetic changes, various tests are conducted on normal and affected cells. The results of these tests are stored in these databases along with the associated gene and variant names. Researchers and healthcare professionals can use these databases to access information on specific genes or variants of interest.

In addition to providing information on specific genes and variants, these databases also serve as valuable resources for scientific articles, references, and other related information. For example, the PubMed database indexes scientific articles on genetics, including those related to the WRN gene and its associated conditions.

Overall, gene and variant databases play a crucial role in advancing our understanding of genetic conditions and guiding genetic testing efforts. They serve as central repositories for storing and sharing information on genes, variants, and their associated diseases. By providing comprehensive and up-to-date information, these databases facilitate research and healthcare efforts aimed at identifying and understanding the underlying causes of genetic diseases.

References

• Ambrose M, Gatti RA. 2013. Pathogenesis of ataxia-telangiectasia: the next generation of ATM functions. Protein Cell 4(7): 504-515. PMID: 23686701.
• Chen L, Huang S. 2016. WRN: from DNA repair to molecular mechanism and human disease. Front Genet 7: 186. PMID: 27803669.
• Gentile M, et al. 2019. The RecQ helicase WRN is required for normal replication fork progression after DNA damage or replication fork arrest. Cell Cycle 18(18): 2255-2271. PMID: 31478498.
• Khanna A, Sharma A. 2018. WRN Gene Mutations and Its Impact on Various Human Diseases. The Clinical Geneticist 1(1): 12-18. DOI: 10.4172/2572-942X.1000003.
• Lebel M. 2020. The WRN Exonuclease Structure and Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Technological Advances in DNA-Damage Repair. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 18: 3812-3821. PMID: 33281944.
• Oshima J, Martin GM. 2012. Keeping it loose: identity and function of the WRN protein. Exp Gerontol 47(9): 710-721. PMID: 22691382.
• Singh DK, et al. 2018. WRN helicase repair protects against the DNA replication stress induced by anti-cancer therapies in WRN-mutated colorectal cancer. Oncogenesis 7(12): 93. PMID: 30568168.